Choosing the right type of septic tank can prevent backups, reduce maintenance costs, and ensure the system operates efficiently for as long as possible. Factors like high water tables, sandy soil, and local regulations influence which tank works best in and around Tampa Bay.
Plus, each property and household’s water usage needs and best-suited system or tank type can vary as well. This guide breaks down the most common types, their typical pros and cons, and what should be considered before installation.
How a Septic Tank Works
Septic tanks collect and treat wastewater from your home—in fact, they’re used by about 30% of the FL population. When water from sinks, toilets, and appliances enters the tank, solids settle at the bottom while oils and grease float to the top.
Bacteria break down waste, and the remaining liquid moves into a drain field, where it filters naturally into the soil. In Florida, where groundwater levels are high, having the optimal one considering all septic tank types is the best way to prevent contamination, maintain efficiency, and reduce the risk of system failure.
Concrete Septic Tanks
- Pros: Long-lasting, strong, and less likely to float in wet soil
- Cons: Heavy, requires professional installation, and can crack over time.
Plastic Septic Tanks
- Pros: Lightweight, resistant to rust, and easier to install
- Cons: Can shift in high-water-table areas if not properly anchored
Plastic septic tanks are more affordable and easier to install than concrete tanks. However, because they are lightweight, they can move if the surrounding soil is too wet.
Proper installation and anchoring are essential, especially in sandy and moisture-prone ground.
Fiberglass Septic Tanks
- Pros: Corrosion-resistant, lightweight, and strong
- Cons: More expensive than plastic, can crack under heavy pressure
Fiberglass tanks offer durability without the weight of concrete, making them a good option for coastal Florida homes where corrosion from salt and moisture is a concern.
While they are strong, they can be brittle and crack if heavy equipment or excessive weight is placed on them.
Aerobic Septic Systems
- Pros: Treats wastewater efficiently, ideal for areas with poor drainage
- Cons: Requires electricity, more maintenance, and higher installation costs
Aerobic systems use oxygen to break down waste faster than traditional septic tanks. They work especially well for properties with limited space or poor soil drainage.
Like other types of systems and tanks, they need regular maintenance, like aerator inspections. They’ll also need a power source to function, which can add to long-term costs.
Mound Systems
- Pros: Works well in poor soil conditions and flood-prone areas
- Cons: Requires a larger installation area and is more expensive
Mound systems are designed for locations with higher water tables or poor soil drainage. They elevate the drain field above ground level, which helps prevent groundwater contamination.
These require more space and ongoing upkeep but are often the best solution for properties where traditional septic systems aren’t viable.
How the Right Septic Tank Type is Selected
- Soil conditions: A percolation test determines how well your soil absorbs wastewater
- Household size: Larger households produce more wastewater, requiring a bigger tank
- Local regulations: Florida has strict guidelines on septic system installation and maintenance
- Maintenance needs: Some systems, like aerobic tanks, need more frequent servicing
Installation and Maintenance Considerations
- Pump the tank every 3–5 years to prevent solids from clogging the system.
- Limit water waste by spreading out laundry loads and using water-efficient fixtures.
- Use septic-safe products to protect the bacteria that break down waste.
- Keep trees and shrubs away to prevent roots from damaging the system.
- Watch for slow drains—this can indicate early signs of septic failure.
- Inspect for leaks and odors in and around the drain field.
- Redirect rainwater runoff to prevent oversaturation of the drain field.
When to Call a Professional
- Slow draining sinks, tubs, or toilets—this can signal a clog or failing drain field.
- Standing water or sewage odors near the tank or drain field.
- Extra-green or soggy patches of grass over the septic system.
- Frequent backups despite regular maintenance.
Conclusion
Knowing the best option for your property from the common types of septic tanks is an important part of wastewater management, and overall maintenance is critical for all types. Whether you need a durable concrete tank, a lightweight plastic option, or an advanced aerobic system, selecting based on the property and guidance from an expert puts you on the right path.
If you’re planning a new septic system or need expert maintenance advice, Tampa Bay Septic’s team provides professional inspections, installations, and servicing tailored to your property’s unique needs and conditions.